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Early Childhood Profile

HealthEarly Care and EducationParenting and Economic Supports

State Choices to Promote Access

  • Set the income eligibility limit for child care subsidies at or above 200% FPL. [2009]2
    Families of three are eligible up to $37,896, or 192% FPL. This is an decline from 200% FPL in 2008.
  • Child care subsidy reimbursement rate meets the recommended 75th percentile of the market rate for two consecutive years [2009]2
  • Redetermine the eligibility for child care subsidies no more than once per year [2008]3
  • Supplement Early Head Start with state or other federal funds. [2008]4
  • Fund a pre-kindergarten program and/or supplement Head Start. [2009]5
    $104,539,103 for pre-kindergarten

State Choices to Promote Quality

  • Require one adult for every 8 4-year-olds, and a maximum class size of 16 in child care centers. [2008]6
    Child care regulations require one adult for every 16 children, and the maximum class size is not regulated.
  • Require one adult for every four 18-month-olds, and a maximum class size of eight in child care centers. [2008]6
    Child care regulations require one adult for every 8 children, and the maximum class size is not regulated.
  • Allocate state or federal funds for a network of infant/toddler specialists that provide assistance to child care providers. [2010]7
  • Have early learning standards or developmental guidelines for infants and toddlers. [2009]8
  • Have an infant/toddler credential. [2010]9
  • Require through regulation that infants and toddlers in child care centers be assigned a consistent primary caregiver. [2008]6
  • Have implemented a statewide Quality Rating Improvement System (QRIS) [2010]10
HealthParenting and Economic Supports

Data Notes and Sources

Last Updated: August 18, 2010

  1. Children in multiple care settings are counted more than once. As a result, the total percentage of children in all settings may total to greater than 100%. Data represent the percent of children by age in each care setting, regardless if the provider is licensed/regulated or legally operating without a license. Family home includes children served in group home care.
    United States Department of Health and Human Services. Administration for Children and Families. 2009. Administration on Children, Youth and Families. Child Care Bureau. Child Care Development Fund Administrative Data, Federal Fiscal Year 2006. [Computer file]. ICPSR23640-v2. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor].
  2. Schulman, Karen; Blank, Helen. 2009. State Child Care Assistance Policies 2009: Most States Hold the Line, But Some Lose Ground in Hard Times. National Women's Law Center. http://www.nwlc.org (accessed October 23, 2009).
  3. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. 2008. Report of State and Territory Plans, FY 2008—2009. http://nccic.acf.hhs.gov (Accessed February 24, 2009)
  4. Schumacher, Rachel; DiLauro, Elizabeth. 2008. Building on the Promise: State Initiatives to Expand Access to Early Head Start for Young Children and their Families. Washington, DC: Center for Law and Social Policy and Zero to Three Policy Center.
  5. Barnett, W. Steven; Epstein, Dale J.; Friedman, Allison H.; Boyd, Judi Stevenson; Hustedt, Jason T. 2009. The State of Preschool 2009. New Brunswick, NJ: National Institute for Early Education Research. http://nieer.org (accessed August 13, 2010).
  6. National Association for Regulatory Administration and the National Child Care Information and Technical Assistance Center. 2010.. The 2008 Child Care Licensing Study: Final Report. http://www.naralicensing.org (accessed August 16, 2010).
  7. National Infant and Toddler Child Care Initiative. 2010. Infant/Toddler Specialist Network Fact Sheet . http://nitcci.nccic.acf.hhs.gov (accessed August 13, 2010).
  8. Heying, Karen. Zero to Three. October 30, 2009. Personal Communication.
  9. National Infant and Toddler Child Care Initiative. 2010. Infant/Toddler Credential Fact Sheet. Personal Communication.
  10. NCCP contacted the New Hampshire Bright Stars programs and was informed that it is not a QRIS program. NCCP could not find confirmatory evidence beyond NCCIC that DC Gold Stars program is still active. DC Action for Children reported that the district does not have a QRIS program (http://www.dcactionforchildren.org ).
    U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, National Child Care Information and Technical Assistance Center. 2010 States and Communities Operating, Piloting, or Exploring or Designing a Quality Rating and Improvement System http://nccic.acf.hhs.gov (accessed August 16, 2010).