Adolescent Health Variables

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  State choices to promote access
  Set the income eligibility limit for public health insurance at or above 200% of the federal poverty level (FPL) - Medicaid (2009)1 Set the income eligibility limit for public health insurance at or above 200% of the federal poverty level (FPL) - CHIP health insurance at or above 200% of the federal poverty level (FPL) - CHIP (2009)1 Extend CHIP to cover legal immigrant children (2010)9 Maintain or suspend but do not terminate Medicaid enrollment for youth committed to a juvenile facility (2009)17 Use Chafee funds to provide Medicaid eligibility to foster care youth aging out of the system (2009)39 Require CHIP coverage for contraceptives (2006)42 Have a public school health education curriculum that requires HIV prevention education (2006)44 Have a public school health education curriculum that requires STI prevention education (2006)44 Have a public school health education curriculum requires pregnancy prevention education (2006)44 Require districts or schools to provide services for HIV, STDs, and pregnancy prevention (2006)45 Require physical activity and fitness taught in schools (2006)44
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National 15 47 22 11 28 45 36 31 30 11 30
Alabama No Yes No No18 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Alaska No No No No19 No No No No No No No
Arizona No Yes No Yes20 Yes Yes No No No No No
Arkansas Yes Yes No No21 No40 Yes No No No No Yes
California Yes Yes Yes No22 Yes Yes No No No No No
Colorado Yes Yes No No23 Yes Yes No8 No8 No8 Yes33 No
Connecticut No Yes Yes Yes24 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Delaware No2 Yes No10 No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
District of Columbia Yes Yes Yes No19 No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Florida No2 Yes No11 No25 Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No
Georgia No2 Yes No Yes No41 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Hawaii Yes Yes Yes Yes26 No Yes No No No Yes No
Idaho No No No No19 No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Illinois No2 Yes Yes12 No19 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Indiana No3 Yes No8 Yes27 Yes Yes Yes Yes No No Yes
Iowa No4 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No
Kansas No Yes No No Yes Yes No No No No No
Kentucky No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Louisiana Yes Yes No13 No No8 Yes No No No No No8
Maine No3 Yes Yes No19 No Yes No8 No8 No8 No No8
Maryland Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Massachusetts No3 Yes Yes No19 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Michigan No Yes No No28 Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes
Minnesota Yes Yes Yes No29 No8 Yes43 Yes Yes Yes No No
Mississippi No Yes No No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No
Missouri No Yes No No19 Yes Yes Yes No No No No
Montana No Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes No No Yes
Nebraska Yes Yes No14 No No Yes No No No No Yes
Nevada No Yes No No30 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
New Hampshire No5 Yes No No31 No Yes Yes No No No Yes
New Jersey No6 Yes Yes Yes32 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
New Mexico Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
New York No2 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
North Carolina No7 Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
North Dakota No No No No No No No No No No No
Ohio Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No No No No No
Oklahoma No8 No No8 No33 Yes Yes33 Yes No No No No
Oregon No Yes Yes No34 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes33 No8
Pennsylvania No Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Rhode Island Yes Yes Yes No8 Yes33 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
South Carolina No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
South Dakota No Yes No Yes35 Yes Yes No No No No No
Tennessee No Yes No No36 No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Texas No Yes Yes15 Yes37 Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Utah No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Vermont Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Virginia No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Washington Yes Yes Yes16 No38 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
West Virginia No Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Wisconsin Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No
Wyoming No Yes No No19 Yes No No No No No No
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Data Notes & Sources

  1. Children's Health Coverage State Fact Sheets, Children's Defense Fund. Children's Defense Fund website. Accessed Feb. 2, 2010, from www.childrensdefense.org/child-research-data-publications/data/state-data-repository/childrens-health-coverage-state-factsheets.html.
  2. Medicaid eligibility is 200% FPL for children 0-1, 133% FPL children 1-5, 100% FPL children 6-19.
  3. Medicaid eligibility is 200% FPL for children 0-1, 150% FPL for children 1-19.
  4. Medicaid eligibility is 200% FPL for children 0-1, 133% FPL children 1-19.
  5. Medicaid eligibility is 300% FPL for children 0-1, 185% FPL for children 1-19.
  6. Medicaid eligibility is 200% FPL for children 0-1, 133% FPL for children 1-19.
  7. Medicaid eligibility is 200% FPL for children 0-5, 100% FPL for children 6-19.
  8. Personal communication from the state indicates that this policy is in place, as of October 2010.
  9. National Immigration Law Center, Guide to Immigrant Eligibility for Federal Programs: Update Page. 2010. Medical Assistance Programs for Immigrants in Various States. Accessed Aug. 2, 2010, from www.nilc.org/pubs/guideupdates/med-services-for-imms-in-states-2010-07-28.pdf.

    Wiley, Dinah, National Immigration Law Center. Aug. 2, 2010. Personal communication.
  10. The state exclusively funds its own program for immigrant children. Coverage is subject to availability of funds.
  11. A few counties use local funds to provide coverage to children regardless of immigration status.
  12. Copays and premiums are required for certain families, based on their income.
  13. Only covers children who have been in the country five or more years.
  14. State exclusive funds its own program for immigrant children.
  15. Lawfully residing immigrant children who entered the U.S. on or after Aug. 22, 1996, are eligble for services comparable to CHIP (during the federal 5-year bar).
  16. Children in families earning up to 250% of the federal poverty level are eligble for Children's Healthcare Programs, regardless of their immigration status.
  17. Kaye, Neva; Zemel, Sarabeth. 2009. Medicaid Eligibility, Enrollment, and Retention Policies: Findings from a Survey of Juvenile Justice and Medicaid Policies Affecting Children in the Juvenile Justice System (Models for Change: Systems Reform in Juvenile Justice). National Academy for State Health Policy. Accessed July 21, 2010, from www.nashp.org/sites/default/files/MacFound11-09.pdf.

    Personal communication with state agency: includes private letters, memos, some electronic communication (i.e. email, personal interviews, or telephone conversations).
  18. A child who is brought to a detention facility and subsequently released to the custody of a parent or guardian pending adjudication would not lose eligibility at that time.
  19. Data not available.
  20. There is a special pre-release process set up with the Arizona Department of Juvenile Corrections to begin the application process about 30 days prior to the expected release date. In most instances, this enables re-establishment of eligibility and enrollment to be posted the date of release.
  21. State Medicaid agency is looking into feasibility of instituting a suspension policy.
  22. The California Department of Health Services is in the process of implementing policies and procedures to allow for the suspension of Medicaid eligibility when youth enter a public institution.
  23. The Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and Financing is in the process of implementing policies and procedures to allow for the suspension of Medicaid eligibility when youth enter a public institution.
  24. Reinstates Medicaid if the individual is released within 24 months and contacts the Department of Social Services for assistance within 30 days of release.
  25. The Florida Agency for Health Care Administration is in the process of implementing policies and procedures to allow for the suspension of Medicaid eligibility when youth enter a public institution.
  26. Hawaii's detention facility, which is not a correctional facility, is administered by the Family Court system. Children are placed in the facility for different reasons and, in many cases, may continue to be eligible for Medicaid/CHIP.
  27. If the individual is released within 12 months, they do not have to reapply for Medicaid, but will need to report being released to the Division of Family Resources. Reports of release are also accepted from the Indiana Department of Corrections. If the report of release is made within 40 days of the release date, Medicaid coverage will be available upon release. If the report is more than 40 days, there may be a period of time before benefits can be restored.
  28. Youth not eiligble if incarcerated. If a child is living in a youth home facility, they may be eligible for MIChild or for Healthy Kids.
  29. Children who are placed by a juvenile court in certain juvenile programs may be eligible depending on the type of facility.
  30. Youth will not be covered if incarcerated for more than 30 days.
  31. Juvenile youth in "staff secure" facilities (residential group homes and shelter care) may remain eligible.
  32. The facility/institution applies for Medicaid for incarcerated youth regardless of whether or not they were previously enrolled.
  33. Personal communication from the state indicates that this policy is not in place, as of October 2010.
  34. Oregon does have Medicaid available for eligible youth who are in residential programs. Youth in detention (depending on the length of stay) who are on Medicaid will have their coverage either suspended or terminated.
  35. Incarcerated youth are not erased from the system, however benefits are blocked while incarcerated. Youth may retain coverage upon release if they still meet eligibility criteria.
  36. TennCare (Medicaid) eligible children awaiting a hearing or trial or in a Juvenile Detention Center remain covered. Youth staying in Youth Development Centers are eligble, but only for covered services delivered to already enrolled TennCare members in inpatient medical facilities outside the YDC.
  37. Once released, a youth may retain their coverage if they are still eligible for Medicaid.
  38. State Medicaid agency looking into feasibility of instituting a suspension policy.
  39. Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, Challenges of Providing Health Coverage for Children and Parents in a Recession: A 50 State Update on Eligibility Rules, Enrollment and Reneweal Procedures, and Cost-Sharing Practices in Medicaid and SCHIP in 2009. State Income Eligibility Guidelines for Children's Regular Medicaid, Children's SCHIP-funded Medicaid Expansions and Separate SCHIP Programs (Percent of the Federal Poverty Line) January 2009. (Table 1). Accessed Aug. 16, 2010, from www.kff.org/medicaid/upload/7855_TABLES.pdf.
  40. A small group of foster care children can continue in their U-18 and Medically Needy Foster Care categories and receive Medicaid until they are 21 years old.
  41. A child aging out of IV-E Medicaid can sign a consent form to remain in foster care and receive Medicaid coverage up to 21.
  42. Gold, Rachel Benson; Sonfield, Adam. 2001. Reproductive Health Services for Adolescents Under the State Children's Health Insurance Program. Family Planning Perspectives 33(2):83-87.

    Medicaid Cuts: Benefits May Be Reduced for Women. 2006. National Women's Law Center website. Accessed Mar. 5 2010, from www.nwlc.org/pdf/FSMedicaidandtheDRA_04.21.06.pdf.
  43. Personal communication from the state indicates that this policy is not in place, as of October 2010. CHIP only extends to age 2. Minnesota's Family Planning Waiver Program, referred to as the Minnesota Family Planning Program, provides family planning access to low income women and men ages 15-50.
  44. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, State-Level School Health Policies and Practices. A State-by-State Summary from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. Table 1.5. Accessed July 29, 2010, from www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHPPS/2006/summaries/pdf/State_Level_Summaries_SHPPS2006.pdf.

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, State-Level School Health Policies and Practices. A State-by-State Summary from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. Table 1.6. Accessed July 29, 2010, from www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHPPS/2006/summaries/pdf/State_Level_Summaries_SHPPS2006.pdf.
  45. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, State-Level School Health Policies and Practices. A State-by-State Summary from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. Table 3.3. Accessed July 29, 2010, from www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/SHPPS/2006/summaries/pdf/State_Level_Summaries_SHPPS2006.pdf.